musli :
Asparagus adscendens Roxb, this herb is usually
found in Himalayan mountain ranges. Naturally occurs in forests of western Himalya, Gujarat,
Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra states that are listed in the endangered species of India. Roots
of this plant are used for the preparation of nutritive tonics. This plant is a source of a nutritious
starch and low in calories and is very low in sodium and good source of vitamins also. Active
compounds present in asparagus are well known for their multiple health benefits because of
presence of ingredients like proteins, alkaloids, saponins and tannins. This in turn helps in
improving fertility and vitality in women and men. Active composition enriched in asparagus
calms down nerve cells and prevents the risk of nervous disorders like depression, anxiety and
stress. HISTORICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL REVIEW:
The uses of the medicinal plants are found in Rig Veda, perhaps the oldest repository of human knowledge. Charka Samhita (1000 B.C.) records the use of over 340 drugs of plant originTaxonomical Classification
Kingdom: Plantae - Plants
Subkingdom: Streptophyta
Superdivision: Spermatophyta - Seed plants
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons
Family: Liliaceae
Genus: Asparagus
Species: Asparagus adscendens
Allied species:
Broadly, three grades of musli are available: A) 3–4 inch long roots called badi (bigger) musli that get the highest price. B) 3 inch and smaller roots called choti (or smaller) musli that get intermediate prices. C) Broken fragments or chura that get the lowest price.VERNACULAR NAMES
Sanskrit: durnamari, mahavrsa, musaliEnglish: West-Himalayan Asparagus
Hindi: Dholi moosli, सफ़ेद मुसली Safed musli
Urdu: musli siyah, satawar, shaqaq-ul-misri, shaqaqul misri,
Telugu: Sallog dooda, Sallogadda
Bengali: -সফেদ মুসলি
Marathi: Pandaari musalee, सफ़ेद मुसली Safed musli
Oriya: -Gaichira
Gujarathi: Dholi musli
Tamil: Naranka pattirakam, Tannirvittang
Malayalam: Shedeveli
Kannada: Billi Mushali
Punjabi: Syahoo Musali,
Sindhi: -musli
Arabic: shaqoqule
French: -Musale Blanc.
Nepal: -musali
Persian: -Musli Safed, shaqoqule
Sinhalese: Hirth Wariya
Varities:
There are two basic uses of medicinal plants: direct use as dietary supplement or as chemical factories for the production of plants derived drugs.Definition
Synonyms
Synonyms in Ayurveda: mushali, shveta, musali, mushali, dholiRasa: Madhura Tikta
Guna: Guru Snigdha
Veerya: Sheetha
Vipaka: Maduram
Karma: Pittahara Vatahara
Active compounds present in asparagus are well known for their multiple health benefits. The powdered dried root exhibits galactogogic properties. It is reported to be useful against diarrhoea, dysentery and in general debility
Cultivation:
It can be grown in variety of soil ranging from loamy to sandy soil having good drainage system. It can tolerate mountain slopes or sloppy lands. It gives best result when grown under red soil rich in organic matter. Avoid cultivation in water lock conditions. The soil having pH ranging from 6.5-8.5 is best for plant growth.Propogation:
Usually propagation is done through tubers or seedsHarvesting:
Plant starts yielding in about 90 days after planting. Harvesting is done in the month of September or October. Harvesting is done when leaves start yellowing and then gets dried.Phytochemistry:
The roots contain asparagin. One of the sapogenins, isolated from the root, was identified as stigmasterol, which is known to reduce inflammation. The protein content is significantly high in the roots, which strengthens the bodyPHARMACOLOGY:
important formulationParts used for medicinal purpose
Root tuber, ,Dosage:
powder - 2- 5 gm once or twice a daySubstitute:
Kali musli and Safed musli are used as substitute of Ashwagandha. Ultimately, Kali musli and Safed musli are regarded as substitutes for Kakoli and Kshirakakoli, respectively. Kali musli and Safed musli are also different plants with different morphological and pharmacological profile then how both are accepted as substitute for single plant i.e. Ashwagandha. Kali musli is used as substitute for Kakoli and Safed musli for Kshirakakoli in the absence of Ashwagandha.Adultrants:
safed musli being adulterated with lesser priced AsparagusControversy:
Commercial value:
In the case of safed musli, one of the most expensive medicinal plants, it is totally uprooted leaving little in the soil for future regeneration.Morphology:
The plant form of Asparagus adscendens is a shrub of struggling nature much branched, spines with woody stem, It can grow up to an utmost height of 1.5 feet. Cladodes are 0.6-1.2 cm long linear in shape but stout, straight, bear spines . Flowers are small, white, 3-4 cm across, solitary or fascicled with copious racemes. Fruits are 0.8 cm in diameter, globes, 3 lobed berries with only one seed . Tubers can grow up to a depth of 10 inchHistology:
-Geographical distribution:
Asparagus is a sub-erect prickly shrub with white tuberous root that grows well in tropical and sub-tropical climates with heights up to 1,500 meters. Asparagus adscendens is usually found throughout India and Himalayan Mountain ranges. Naturally occurs in forests of western Himalaya, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra States that are listed in the endangered species of India. In Himachal Pradesh it is found growing sporadically in districts of Una, Chamba, Bilaspur, Hamirpur, Kangra, Mandi, SolanGeneral Use:
- The rhizomes of the herb are powerful aphrodisiacs.
- Asparagus is known to increase sperm count.
- Traditionally, it has been used as a rejuvenation remedy.
- The roots of the herb are used to treat diarrhea and dysentery.
Therapeutic Uses:
Mostly its tuberous roots are used in Ayurvedic medicines. To make salep, the root is dried and ground into a powder and the powdered dried root exhibits galactogogic properties; used for the preparation of nutritive tonic used in general sexual weakness. These roots hold spermatogenetic, spermatorrhoea and chronic leucorrhoea due to some chemical content. This plant is a source of a nutritious starch and low in calories and is very low in sodium. It is a good source of vitamin also. Steroidal glycosides are identified in tuberous roots. Active compounds present in asparagus are well known for their multiple health benefits. It is reported to be useful against diarrhea, dysentery and in general debilitySystemic Use:
The roots are useful in nervous disorders, dyspepsia, tumors, scalding of urine, throat infections, tuberculosis, cough bronchitis and general debility. It helps with nervousness, pain, restless sleep, disturbing dreams and people with weak emotional and physical heart. It is useful for treating anorexia, insomnia, hyperactive children and people who are under-weight. Asparagus is a rejuvenating female tonic for overall health and vitality. It improves uterine growth, mitigates dysmenorrheal and menorrhagia, augments fertility and imparts anabolic propertiesAdministration:
root powderPharmacological:
adscendens is used for increasing the sperm count, as general health tonic, stimulation of insulin secretion and action, and to inhibit starch digestion. Itis helpfulin postpartum hemorrhage, nourishing fetus during pregnancy, and increasing breast milk flow. It is effective in dyspepsia, flatulence, diarrhea, and genito-urinary complaints, such as seminal weakness, impotence, spermatorrhea, leucorrhea, and gonorrhea. Rhizomes are used for general weaknesses, and roots are used for curing dysentery7. A. adscendens possess antifilarial activityClinical trials:
Tendon, M., Skula, Y, N., and Thakur, R. S. (1990). Constituents of Asparagus adscendens. Fitoterapia, 61(5), 473Research:
- Ray, A. B., Chansouria, J. P. N., Hemalatha, S. (2010). Medicinal Plants: Anti-diabetic and Hypoglycemic Activities, p. 46-47, IBDC Publisher, Lukhnow, India.
- http://ayurveda.astrologytutorials.com/medicines-remedies/safeta-musali-white-musali-asparagus-adscendens-roxb/.
- Singh, R., Khan, N, U., and Singhal, K, C. (1997). Potential Antifilarial Activity of Roots of Asparagus adscendens against setaria cervi in vitro. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 35(2), 168-72.
Precautions:
-Pregnancy and breast-feeding: There is not enough information to know if safed musli is safe during pregnancy and breast-feeding. It should be avoided.Toxicity studies:
no adverse reaction reportedUse in other system of medicine:
Traditionally, tubers are used in the treatment of rheumatism and the leaves as vegetable in various culinary preparations. It is traditionally used for its aphrodisial properties in lack of libido male impotency, oligospermia. It is also widely used as a general health promotive tonic and for delaying the ageing process. Dried root powder increases the lactation amongst the feeding mothers and lactating cows. It also removes the knee pains within a week if taken daily with milk . Leaves are eaten by the tribal people of Western Ghats as an expectorant. In the traditional diet of nursing mothers (after confinement) its powder is added in the preparation of laddoos (sweet prepared in ball form) to be taken as a energizing food. Efforts are on in countries like the USA and England to make chips/flakes with the tubers to use it as a nutritious item in breakfast. C. borivilianum has been described in ancient Indian literature such as Bhavaprakash nighantu, Rasendra Sarsangrah, Raja Ballabh Nighantu as ‘Vajikaran’ or aphrodisiac. The roots of C. borivilianum are a constituent of ‘Chyawanprash’ an outstanding rejuvenator . It is known as the Indian Ginseng , because of great therapeutic importance and its tubers are the major constituents of more than 100 ayurvedic preparationsCONCLUSION:
Asparagus adscendens is a flowering perennial, spring plant species in the genus Asparagus; Which is a large genus of herbs and under shrubs with stout, tuberous roots and erect or climbing stems. It was once classified in the lily family, like its Allium cousins, onions and garlic, but the Liliaceae has been split and the onion-like plants are now in the family Amaryllidaceae and asparagus in the Asparagaceae family [9]. Plant grows one to two metres tall and prefers to take root in gravelly, rocky soils high up in piedmont plains, at 1,300 - 1,500 metres elevation and it was botanically described in 1799.Asparagus adscendens Roxb. is known by various common names i.e. Shatawari, Safed musli, Shatavar, Shatamuli, Sahasrapal, Sainsarbuti. It was initially grown in thick forest in natural form, and is a customary medicinal plant; is an herb with sub-erect lanceolate leaves and tuberous root system.- » Classification and names of musli
- » Synonyms and definitions of musli
- » Drug Properties of musli
- » Chemical Constituents of musli
- » Standardization of musli
- » Parts used and Dosage of musli
- » Morphology and Histology of musli
- » Distribution and Conservation of musli
- » Cultivation of musli
- » musli in the market
- » Medicinal Uses of musli
- » Researches and clinical trails of musli
- » musli in other sytems of medicine
- » Ayurvedic formulations with musli
- » Images of musli

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