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Morphology and Histology of pishac karpas - Abroma augusta Linn.

pishac karpas - Abroma augusta Linn. - Malvaceae

pishac karpas :

pishac karpas : Abroma augusta Linn.


Morphology:

Ulatkambal is a shrub or small tree about 2 to 3 meters in height (Figure 1). The leaves are alternate, ovate, 10 to 15 centimeters in length and 10 to 12 centimeters in width with pointed tip, heart-shaped base, and toothed margins. The flowers are bisexual, about 5 centimeters across and deep red or yellowish with purple bases. The fruit (capsule) is obpyramidal about 3.5 centimeters in diameter, covered with irritating hairs, and ultimately smooth, with five prominent angles or wings, which are 4 by 7 centimeters across. The seeds are subellipsoid,numerous and finely punctuate (Kuadkaew et al., 2010). 

A large shrub or small tree grows up to 4 m. in high. Leaves simple, alternate, acuminate, cordate, coarsely pubescent, entire, glabrescent above and tomentose below, petiolate, petioles 1.25-2.5 cm long, stipules linear, as long as the petiole, deciduous; Flowers violet, flowers axillary, pedunculate, peduncle 3.5 cm long; Fruits pentagonal with five compartments containing albuminous, numerous seeds. Plant blossoms during August and September. 

Leaf (Simple alternate)
Leaves 10-20 (-30) x 5-15 (-25) cm; ovate-lanceolate, ovate-oblong, cordate at base, acute or acuminate at apex, repand-denticulate, glabrescent above, tomentose beneath; petioles 1.5-2.5 cm long; stipules linear, as long as the petiole, deciduous.

Flower (Bisexual subterminal or axillary peduncled cymes)
Flowers are 5 cm. in diameter, dark red, purple or yellow in colour occurring on few flowered cymes. Sepals are 2.5 cm. lanceolate, free nearly to the base. Petals scarcely exceeding the Sepals, imbricate in bud, deciduous. And fall soon. Stemens are present on short staminal tube. Five staminoides are present. Capsules are almost 4 cm. long, obpyramidal, membranous finally pubescent, and truncate at the apex. Capsules are thrice as long as the persistent calyx. Each carpel has a triangular wing behind it. Flowering and fruiting occur in the month of December and January. Seeds many, small, blackish, covered with silky hairs. The leaves and fruits are shown in picture 1 and 2 respectively. 


Fruit:
Capsule 3.5-4 cm long obpyramidal, membranous, 5-angled, truncate at apex, septicidally 5-valved, valves villous at the edge

Seeds:
many, ca 3 x 2 mm, obovate.


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