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Chemical constituants of nirgundi - Vitex negundo Linn.

nirgundi :

nirgundi : Vitex negundo Linn.

Phytochemistry:

 Leaves 

6′-p-hydroxybenzoyl mussaenosidic acid; 2′-p-hydroxybenzoyl mussaenosidic acid viridiflorol; β-caryophyllene; sabinene; 4-terpineol; gamma-terpinene; caryophyllene oxide; 1-oceten-3-ol; globulol; 5,3′-dihydroxy-7,8,4′- trimethoxyflavanone; 5,3′-dihydroxy,6,7,4′trimethoxyflavanone; 5-hydroxy-3,6,7,3,4-pentamethoxy flavones; 5,7dihydroxy-6,4 dimethoxy flavonone; 5hydroxy-7,4 dimethoxy flavones; 5,3-dihydroxy-7,8,4-trimethoxy flavanone; betulinic acid [3β-hydroxylup-20-(29)-en-28-oic acid]; ursolic acid [2β -hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid]; n-hentriacontanol; β-sitosterol; p-hydroxybenzoic acid; protocatechuic acid; oleanolic acid; flavonoids angusid; casticin; vitamin-C; nishindine; gluco-nonitol; 


Seeds 

3β-acetoxyolean-12-en-27-oic acid; 2α, 3α-dihydroxyoleana-5,12-dien-28-oic acid; 2β,3α diacetoxyoleana-5,12- dien-28-oic acid; 2α, 3β-diacetoxy-18-hydroxyoleana-5,12-dien-28-oic acid; vitedoin-A; vitedoin-B; a phenylnaphthalene-type lignan alkaloid, vitedoamine-A; five other lignan derivatives, 6-hydroxy-4-(4-hydroxy-3- methoxy-phenyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-7-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2-naphthaldehyde, β-sitosterol; p-hydroxybenzoic acid; 5-oxyisophthalic acid; n-tritriacontane, n-hentriacontane; n-pentatriacontane; n-nonacosane. 

Roots

 2β,3α-diacetoxyoleana-5,12-dien-28-oic acid; 2α,3α-dihydroxyoleana-5,12-dien-28-oic acid; 2α,3β-diacetoxy-18- hydroxyoleana-5,12-dien-28-oic acid; vitexin; isovitexin, negundin-A; negundin-B; (+)-diasyringaresinol; (+)- lyoniresinol; vitrofolal-E; vitrofolal-F, acetyl oleanolic acid; sitosterol; 3-formyl-4.5-dimethyl-8- oxo-5H-6,7- dihydronaphtho (2,3-b)furan. 

Essential oil of fresh leaves, flowers and dried fruits 

δ-guaiene; guaia-3,7-dienecaryophyllene epoxide; ethyl-hexadecenoate; α-selinene; germacren-4-ol; caryophyllene epoxide; (E)-nerolidol; β-selinene; α-cedrene; germacrene D; hexadecanoic acid; p-cymene and valencene. viridiflorol (19.55%), β-caryophyllene (16.59%), sabinene (12.07%), 4-terpineol (9.65%), γ-terpinene (2.21%), caryophyllene oxide (1.75%), 1-oceten-3-ol (1.59%), and globulol (1.05%). Viridiflorol


PHARMACOLOGY:

anti-inflammatory, 
anti-rheumatic, 
antibiotic, 
hepatoprotective,
antioxidant, 
anticonvulsant, 
oxidative stress, 
anti-androgen, 
snake venome neutralization and 
anti-allergic activities


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