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nirvimsha in Ayurveda - Delphinium denudatum

nirvimsha :

Delphinium denudatum

Taxonomical Classification

Kingdom: Plantae - Plants
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta - Vascular plants
Superdivision: Spermatophyta - Seed plants
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons
Family: Ranunculaceae
Genus: Delphinium
Species: Delphinium denudatum


Allied species:

Classical categorisation 
1.Ashtamga Nighantu - Haridradi gana
2. RAJA nighantu - Pippalyadi Varga



VERNACULAR NAMES

Sanskrit: apavisha, avisa, avisha, nirvisa, nirvisha
English: Delphinium, Larkspur.
Hindi: Jadwar, Judwar, Nirbishi, Nirbisi, Nirvisi
Urdu: jadwar
Telugu: Nirvisi
Marathi: nirvishi
Gujarathi: Nirvishi
Tamil: nirbasi
Malayalam: nirvasi
Kannada: nirvishi
Arabic: fadwar, jadwar, judwar, mahferfin
Nepal: निरबिशी Nirbishi
Persian: zadwar


Varities:

In trade market 4 types of Jadwar are known, white, violet, black and yellow.  The violet or the Jadwar Khatai (as it grows in hills of Khata (somewhere in Kashmir/Nepal region ??)) is considerd the best, is very rare and also found in the highlands of Indian [Kedar valley, rare] and Nepal Himalays [Mustang valley, a little more prominent].The yellow type is known as Kharbi and the violet type as Barbi by the locals. The black variety found in Kashmir is still considered better than the yellow and white varieties which are also found along plains of Punjab in India and Lahore in Pakistan. White variety is considered the least effective is smaller and soft. Black variety is also found in Spain (Undlus) locally known as Chalpapi or Nitla and is very bitter to taste. 

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